Optometry Admission Test (OAT) Practice

What is the primary function of endorphins in the endocrine system?

1. They stimulate bone and muscle growth

2. They enhance pain perception

3. They inhibit the perception of pain

4. They stimulate milk secretion

The correct answer is: They inhibit the perception of pain

Endorphins play a crucial role in the endocrine system primarily by inhibiting the perception of pain. These peptides are produced by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland and function as natural pain relievers. When endorphins bind to specific receptors in the brain, they can block the transmission of pain signals and produce positive feelings, often referred to as a "runner's high." This is particularly significant in the context of stress or trauma, as endorphins can help individuals endure pain and discomfort during challenging situations. The other options pertain to functions that are not associated with endorphins. For example, muscle and bone growth is primarily regulated by hormones like growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor, rather than endorphins. Enhancing pain perception contradicts the primary function of endorphins, which is to decrease the sensation of pain. Lastly, milk secretion is primarily stimulated by prolactin, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, rather than by endorphins. Therefore, the main role of endorphins as natural pain inhibitors is clearly articulated in the correct choice.